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Giovanni D'Amore yaganiriye ku ikoreshwa ry’abasesengura impedance hamwe n’umwuga kugira ngo baranga ibikoresho bya dielectric na magnetique.
Tumenyereye gutekereza kubijyanye niterambere ryikoranabuhanga kuva kuri terefone igendanwa ya terefone igendanwa cyangwa se semiconductor yinganda zikora.Ibyo bitanga imvugo ngufi ariko idasobanutse neza mugushoboza ikoranabuhanga (nkurwego rwibikoresho siyanse).
Umuntu wese watandukanije TV ya CRT cyangwa yafunguye amashanyarazi ashaje azamenya ikintu kimwe: Ntushobora gukoresha ibice byo mu kinyejana cya 20 kugirango ukore ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki yo mu kinyejana cya 21.
Kurugero, iterambere ryihuse mubikoresho siyanse na nanotehnologiya byaremye ibikoresho bishya hamwe nibiranga bikenewe kugirango hubakwe ubucucike bwinshi, inductors ikora cyane na capacator.
Iterambere ryibikoresho ukoresheje ibyo bikoresho bisaba gupima neza ibintu byamashanyarazi na magnetiki, nko kwemerera no gutembera, hejuru yumurongo wimikorere nubushyuhe.
Ibikoresho bya dielectric bigira uruhare runini mubice bya elegitoronike nka capacator na insulator.Ibihe bya dielectric bihoraho byibikoresho birashobora guhinduka mugucunga ibiyigize na / cyangwa microstructure, cyane cyane ceramics.
Ni ngombwa cyane gupima imiterere ya dielectric yibikoresho bishya hakiri kare ibice byiterambere kugirango tumenye imikorere yabyo.
Ibikoresho byamashanyarazi byibikoresho bya dielectric birangwa nuburyo bworoshye bwo kwemerera, bugizwe nibice nyabyo kandi bitekereza.
Igice nyacyo cyumubyigano wa dielectric, nanone cyitwa dielectric ihoraho, cyerekana ubushobozi bwibikoresho byo kubika ingufu mugihe byakorewe umurima wamashanyarazi. Ugereranije nibikoresho bifite moteri yo hasi ya dielectric, ibikoresho bifite ingufu za dielectric birashobora kubika ingufu nyinshi mubunini bwa buri gice , ituma iba ingirakamaro kuri capacitori nyinshi.
Ibikoresho bifite dielectric yo hasi birashobora gukoreshwa nkibikoresho byingirakamaro muri sisitemu yo kohereza ibimenyetso, cyane cyane ko bidashobora kubika ingufu nyinshi, bityo bikagabanya ubukererwe bwo gukwirakwiza ibimenyetso binyuze mumigozi iyo ari yo yose yabigenewe.
Igice cyibitekerezo cyuruhushya rugoye rugaragaza ingufu zagabanijwe nibikoresho bya dielectric mumashanyarazi.Ibyo bisaba ubuyobozi bwitondewe kugirango wirinde gukwirakwiza ingufu nyinshi mubikoresho nka capacator zakozwe nibikoresho bishya bya dielectric.
Hariho uburyo butandukanye bwo gupima dielectric ihoraho.Uburyo bubangikanye isahani ishyira ibikoresho munsi yikizamini (MUT) hagati ya electrode ebyiri. Ikigereranyo cyerekanwe kumashusho 1 gikoreshwa mugupima inzitizi yibintu no kuyihindura muburyo bworoshye, bivuga ubunini bwibintu hamwe nubuso na diameter ya electrode.
Ubu buryo bukoreshwa cyane cyane mugupima inshuro nke.Nubwo ihame ryoroshye, gupima neza biragoye kubera amakosa yo gupimwa, cyane cyane kubikoresho bitakaza igihombo.
Uruhushya rugoye rutandukana ninshuro, bityo rero rugomba gusuzumwa kuri frequence ikora. Mugihe kinini, amakosa yatewe na sisitemu yo gupima aziyongera, bikavamo ibipimo bidahwitse.
Ikizamini cyibikoresho bya dielectric (nka Keysight 16451B) gifite electrode eshatu.Bombi muribo bakora capacitor, naho iya gatatu itanga electrode ikingira. Electrode ikingira irakenewe kuko mugihe hashyizweho umurima wamashanyarazi hagati ya electrode ebyiri, igice cya umurima w'amashanyarazi uzanyura muri MUT yashyizwe hagati yabo (reba Ishusho 2).
Kubaho kwuyu murima birashobora kuganisha ku gupima nabi igipimo cya dielectric gihoraho cya MUT.Uburinzi bwa electrode ikingira ikurura umuyaga unyura mu murima, bityo bikazamura neza ibipimo.
Niba ushaka gupima imiterere ya dielectric yibikoresho, ni ngombwa ko upima gusa ibikoresho ntakindi.Kubera iyo mpamvu, ni ngombwa kwemeza ko icyitegererezo cyibintu kiringaniye cyane kugirango gikureho icyuho cyikirere kiri hagati yacyo na electrode.
Hariho inzira ebyiri zo kubigeraho. Iya mbere ni ugukoresha electrode yoroheje ya firime hejuru yibikoresho bizageragezwa. Iya kabiri ni ugukuramo uruhushya rugoye ugereranya ubushobozi buri hagati ya electrode, ipimwa ahari kandi idahari y'ibikoresho.
Murinzi electrode irinda ifasha kunoza neza ibipimo byo gupima kuri radiyo nkeya, ariko birashobora kugira ingaruka mbi kumurima wa electromagnetique kumurongo mwinshi.Abagerageza bamwe batanga ibikoresho bya dielectric ibikoresho bidahwitse hamwe na electrode yoroheje ishobora kwagura inshuro zingirakamaro zubu buryo bwo gupima. Porogaramu irashobora kandi fasha gukuraho ingaruka za fringing capacitance.
Amakosa asigaye yatewe nibikoresho hamwe nabasesenguzi barashobora kugabanywa numuzunguruko ufunguye, umuzunguruko mugufi hamwe nindishyi zumutwaro.Bamwe mubasesengura impedance bubatse muriyi mikorere yindishyi, ifasha gukora ibipimo nyabyo murwego rwagutse.
Gusuzuma uburyo imiterere yibikoresho bya dielectric bihinduka hamwe nubushyuhe bisaba gukoresha ibyumba bigenzurwa nubushyuhe hamwe ninsinga zidashobora guhangana nubushyuhe. Bamwe mubasesengura batanga software kugirango igenzure selile ishyushye hamwe nibikoresho byangiza ubushyuhe.
Kimwe nibikoresho bya dielectric, ibikoresho bya ferrite bigenda bitera imbere gahoro gahoro, kandi bikoreshwa cyane mubikoresho bya elegitoronike nkibice bya inductance hamwe na magnesi, hamwe nibice bigize transformateur, imashini ikurura magnetiki na suppressors.
Ibintu by'ingenzi biranga ibyo bikoresho birimo uburyo bwo gutwarwa no gutakaza kuri radiyo ikora cyane.Umusesenguzi wa impedance ufite ibikoresho bya magnetiki arashobora gutanga ibipimo nyabyo kandi bisubirwamo mugihe kinini.
Kimwe nibikoresho bya dielectric, ubwikorezi bwibikoresho bya magneti nibintu bigoye biranga bigaragarira mubice nyabyo kandi bitekerezwa.Ijambo nyaryo ryerekana ubushobozi bwibikoresho byo gutwara ibintu bya rukuruzi, naho ijambo ryibitekerezo ryerekana igihombo mubikoresho.Ibikoresho bifite imbaraga za rukuruzi zishobora kuba ikoreshwa kugirango igabanye ingano nuburemere bwa sisitemu ya magnetiki.Ibintu bitakaza igihombo cya magnetiki irashobora kugabanywa kugirango bigerweho neza mubikorwa nka transformateur, cyangwa bigakoreshwa cyane mubikorwa nko gukingira.
Urujya n'uruza rugoye rugenwa nimbogamizi ya inductor yakozwe nibikoresho.Mu bihe byinshi, iratandukana ninshuro, bityo rero igomba kurangwa numurongo wimikorere.Mu bihe byinshi, gupima neza biragoye kubera inzitizi ya parasitike ya fixture.Ku bikoresho bitakaza igihombo gito, inguni yicyiciro cya impedance irakomeye, nubwo ubunyangamugayo bwo gupima icyiciro busanzwe budahagije.
Imiyoboro ya rukuruzi nayo ihinduka hamwe nubushyuhe, sisitemu yo gupima rero igomba kuba ishobora gusuzuma neza ibiranga ubushyuhe hejuru yumurongo mugari.
Urujya n'uruza rugoye rushobora gukomoka mugupima inzitizi yibikoresho bya magnetiki.Ibi bikorwa mugupfunyika insinga zimwe na zimwe hanyuma ugapima inzitizi ugereranije nimpera yinsinga.Ibisubizo birashobora gutandukana bitewe nuburyo insinga yakomeretse ndetse n’imikoranire. yumurongo wa magneti hamwe nibidukikije.
Ikizamini cyibikoresho bya magneti (reba Ishusho ya 3) gitanga inductor imwe ihinduranya izengurutse igiceri cya toroidal ya MUT. .
Iyo ikoreshejwe ifatanije na impedance / isesengura ryibikoresho, imiterere yoroshye yimiterere ya coaxial hamwe na toroidal MUT irashobora gusuzumwa neza kandi irashobora kugera kumurongo mugari kuva 1kHz kugeza 1GHz.
Ikosa ryatewe na sisitemu yo gupima rirashobora kuvaho mbere yo gupimwa.Ikosa ryatewe nisesengura rya impedance rirashobora guhindurwa hifashishijwe ikosora ryigihembwe bitatu.Mu bihe byinshi, kalibrasi ya capacitori-igabanya ubushobozi irashobora kunoza impande zose.
Ibikoresho birashobora gutanga irindi soko ryamakosa, ariko inductance isigaye irashobora kwishyurwa mugupima ibice bitarimo MUT.
Kimwe no gupima dielectric, icyumba cy'ubushyuhe hamwe ninsinga zidashobora guhangana nubushyuhe birasabwa gusuzuma ibimenyetso biranga ubushyuhe bwibikoresho bya magneti.
Terefone nziza igendanwa, sisitemu zo gufasha abashoferi bateye imbere hamwe na mudasobwa zigendanwa byihuse byose bishingiye ku majyambere ahoraho mu buhanga butandukanye. Turashobora gupima iterambere ryimikorere ya semiconductor, ariko urukurikirane rwikoranabuhanga rufasha gutera imbere byihuse kugirango ibyo bikorwa bishya bibe shyira mu bikorwa.
Iterambere rigezweho mubikoresho siyanse na nanotehnologiya byatumye bishoboka gukora ibikoresho bifite dielectric na magnetique nziza kuruta mbere.Nyamara, gupima iri terambere ni inzira igoye, cyane cyane ko nta mpamvu yo gukenera imikoranire hagati yibikoresho n'ibikoresho bishingiyeho. byashizweho.
Ibikoresho byatekerejweho neza nibikoresho birashobora gutsinda byinshi muribi bibazo kandi bikazana ibipimo byizewe, bisubirwamo kandi bikora neza bya dielectric na magnetique ibikoresho byumutungo kubakoresha badafite ubumenyi bwihariye muriki gice.Ibisubizo bigomba kuba byihuse kohereza ibikoresho byateye imbere muri rusange urusobe rw'ibinyabuzima.
"Electronic Weekly" yakoranye na RS Grass Roots kugirango bibande ku kumenyekanisha abasore bato ba elegitoroniki bato cyane mu Bwongereza uyu munsi.
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Soma ibyongeweho bidasanzwe byizihiza isabukuru yimyaka 60 ya Electronic Weekly kandi utegereze ejo hazaza h'inganda.
Soma nimero yambere ya Electronic Weekly kumurongo: 7 Nzeri 1960. Twasuzumye inyandiko yambere kugirango ubashe kuyishimira.
Soma ibyongeweho bidasanzwe byizihiza isabukuru yimyaka 60 ya Electronic Weekly kandi utegereze ejo hazaza h'inganda.
Soma nimero yambere ya Electronic Weekly kumurongo: 7 Nzeri 1960. Twasuzumye inyandiko yambere kugirango ubashe kuyishimira.
Umva iyi podcast hanyuma wumve Chetan Khona (Umuyobozi winganda, Icyerekezo, Ubuvuzi nubumenyi, Xilinx) avuga uburyo Xilinx ninganda za semiconductor bitabira ibyo abakiriya bakeneye.
Ukoresheje uru rubuga, wemera gukoresha kuki.Electronics Weekly ifitwe na Metropolis International Group Limited, umwe mubagize itsinda rya Metropolis; urashobora kureba politiki yi banga na kuki hano.