amakuru

Mw'isi yacu nziza, umutekano, ubuziranenge n'imikorere nibyingenzi.Mu bihe byinshi, ariko, ikiguzi cyibice byanyuma, harimo na ferrite, cyabaye ikintu kigena.Iyi ngingo igamije gufasha abashakashatsi bashushanya ibikoresho bya ferrite kugirango bagabanye igiciro.
Ibyifuzo byimbere byimbere hamwe na geometrie yibanze bigenwa na buri progaramu yihariye.Imiterere yimbere igenga imikorere murwego rwo hasi rwibisabwa ni permeability (cyane cyane ubushyuhe), igihombo gike, hamwe na magnetiki ihamye mugihe hamwe nubushyuhe.Ibisabwa birimo-Q inductors, uburyo busanzwe bwa inductors, umuyoboro mugari, uhuza na pulse ihinduranya, ibintu bya antenna ya radio, hamwe nibisubiramo bikora kandi byoroshye. Kubisaba ingufu, ubwinshi bwamazi menshi hamwe nigihombo gito kumikorere yubushyuhe hamwe nubushyuhe nibintu byifuzwa. amashanyarazi yimodoka yumuriro, amplificateur magnetique, DC-DC ihindura, amashanyarazi, amashanyarazi, hamwe na transformateur.
Umutungo wimbere ufite ingaruka zikomeye kumikorere yoroshye ya ferrite muguhagarika porogaramu ni ibintu bigoye byinjira [1], bigereranywa no kwangirika kwibanze.Hari uburyo butatu bwo gukoresha ferrite nkurwanya ibimenyetso bidakenewe (byakozwe cyangwa bikwirakwizwa . Akayunguruzo, ni ukuvuga inductance - capacitif kuri frequency nkeya no gusaranganya kuri frequency nyinshi. Icya gatatu kandi gikunze gukoreshwa ni mugihe cote ya ferrite ikoreshwa yonyine kubice biganisha cyangwa imiyoboro yo murwego rwo hejuru.Muri iyi porogaramu, intangiriro ya ferrite irinda ihungabana rya parasitike na / cyangwa ihuza ibimenyetso bidakenewe cyangwa ipikipiki ishobora gukwirakwira mubice biganisha cyangwa bihuza, inzira cyangwa insinga.Mu porogaramu ya kabiri n'iya gatatu, ferrite cores guhagarika EMI ikuraho cyangwa igabanya cyane imiyoboro yumurongo mwinshi yashushanijwe nisoko rya EMI.Itangizwa rya ferrite ritanga impagarike ihagije ihagije kugirango ihagarike umuvuduko mwinshi.Mu nyigisho, ferrite nziza yatanga impedance nyinshi kuri EMI yumurongo wa EMI hamwe na zero impedance kuriyindi mirongo yose. Mubyukuri, cores suppressor cores zitanga inzitizi zishingiye kumurongo.Mu murongo uri munsi ya 1 MHz, the impedance ntarengwa irashobora kuboneka hagati ya 10 MHz na 500 MHz bitewe nibikoresho bya ferrite.
Kubera ko bihuye n'amahame yubuhanga bwamashanyarazi, aho AC voltage numuyoboro bigereranwa nibintu bigoye, ubwikorezi bwibintu bushobora kugaragazwa nkibintu bigoye bigizwe nibice nyabyo kandi bitekerezwa.Ibi byerekanwe kumirongo myinshi, aho ubwikorezi bugabanyijemo ibice bibiri. Igice nyacyo (μ ') kigereranya igice cyitwara neza, kiri mucyiciro hamwe na magnetiki isimburana [2], mugihe igice cyibitekerezo (μ ”) kigereranya igihombo, kitari mucyiciro hamwe na guhinduranya magnetiki. Ibi birashobora kugaragazwa nkibice bigize urukurikirane (μs'μs ”) cyangwa mubice bisa (µp'µp”). Igishushanyo kiri mu gishushanyo cya 1, 2, na 3 byerekana urukurikirane rw'ibice bigize urwego rwambere rworoshye nk'umurimo wa frequency kubikoresho bitatu bya ferrite. Ubwoko bwibikoresho 73 ni ferrite ya manganese-zinc, magnetiki yambere Umuyoboro wa 2500. Ubwoko bwibikoresho 43 ni nikel zinc ferrite ifite ubwambere bwa 850. Ubwoko bwibikoresho 61 ni nikel zinc ferrite ifite ubwambere bwa 125.
Twibanze ku ruhererekane rw'ibigize Ubwoko bwa 61 mu gishushanyo cya 3, tubona ko igice nyacyo cyo gutambuka, μs ', gikomeza guhorana no kwiyongera inshuro kugeza igihe inshuro zikomeye zigeze, hanyuma bikagabanuka vuba. Igihombo cyangwa μs ”kirazamuka hanyuma impinga nkuko μs 'igwa. Uku kugabanuka kwa μs 'biterwa no gutangira ferrimagnetic resonance. ] Iyi mibanire idahwitse yagaragaye bwa mbere na Snoek itanga formula ikurikira:
aho: ƒres = μs ”inshuro ntarengwa γ = igipimo cya gyromagnetic = 0.22 x 106 A-1 m μi = ubwambere bwinjira Msat = 250-350 Am-1
Kubera ko ferrite yibikoresho bikoreshwa murwego rwo hasi rwibimenyetso hamwe nimbaraga zikoreshwa byibanda kubintu bya magnetiki munsi yiyi frequency, abakora ferrite ntibakunze gutangaza ibyinjira kandi / cyangwa igihombo cyamakuru kumurongo mwinshi.Nyamara, amakuru yumurongo mwinshi nibyingenzi mugihe hagaragajwe ama ferrite yo guhagarika EMI.
Ibiranga abahinguzi ba ferrite benshi bagaragaza ibice bikoreshwa muguhagarika EMI ni impedance.Impedance irapimwa byoroshye kubisesengura biboneka mubucuruzi hamwe nibisomwa bitaziguye. Ikibabaje ni uko ubusanzwe impedance igaragara kumurongo wihariye kandi ni scalar yerekana ubunini bwikigo inzitizi ya impedance.Mu gihe aya makuru afite agaciro, akenshi usanga adahagije, cyane cyane mugushushanya imikorere yumuzunguruko wa ferrite. Kugirango ubigereho, agaciro ka impedance hamwe nicyiciro cya fonctionnement yibigize, cyangwa bigomba kuba byoroshye ibintu byihariye, bigomba kuboneka.
Ariko na mbere yo gutangira kwerekana imikorere yibigize ferrite mukuzunguruka, abashushanya bagomba kumenya ibi bikurikira:
aho μ '= igice nyacyo cyibintu byoroshye bigereranywa μ "= igice cyibitekerezo cyibintu byoroshye byinjira j = icyerekezo cya vectori yikintu Lo = indege yibanze;
Inzitizi yibyuma byuma nayo ifatwa nkurukurikirane rwimikorere ya inductive reaction (XL) hamwe no kurwanya igihombo (amafaranga), byombi biterwa ninshuro.Ingingo idafite igihombo izaba ifite inzitizi yatanzwe na reaction:
aha:
Mugihe gito, impedance yibigize ni inductive.Nkuko inshuro ziyongera, inductance iragabanuka mugihe igihombo cyiyongereye hamwe na impedance yose yiyongera.Figure 4 ni umugambi usanzwe wa XL, amafaranga na Z hamwe ninshuro kubikoresho byacu byoroheje byinjira. .
Noneho reaction ya inductive iringaniza nigice nyacyo cyurwego rworoshye, na Lo, inductance yo mu kirere:
Igihombo cyo kurwanya igihombo nacyo kijyanye nigice cyibitekerezo cyibintu byoroshye bigenda byoroha:
Mu kuringaniza 9, ibikoresho by'ibanze bitangwa na µs 'na µs ”, naho geometrike yibanze itangwa na Lo.Nuko rero, nyuma yo kumenya uburyo bworoshye bwimikorere ya ferrite zitandukanye, hashobora gukorwa igereranya kugirango ubone ibikoresho bibereye mubyifuzo inshuro cyangwa inshuro zingana.Nyuma yo guhitamo ibikoresho byiza, igihe kirageze cyo guhitamo ibipimo byiza byubunini.Icyerekezo cyerekana icyerekezo cyoroshye kandi cyangiritse cyerekanwe mubishusho 5.
Kugereranya imiterere yibanze hamwe nibikoresho byingenzi byo gutezimbere impedance biroroshe niba uwabikoze atanga igishushanyo cyibintu byoroshye bigereranywa ninshuro kubikoresho bya ferrite byasabwe kubisabwa byo guhagarika. Kubwamahirwe, aya makuru ntakunze kuboneka.Nyamara, abayikora benshi batanga uburyo bwambere bwo gutakaza no gutakaza hamwe ninshuro umurongo.Kuhereye kuri aya makuru kugereranya ibikoresho byakoreshejwe mugutezimbere impedance yibanze bishobora kuvamo.
Urebye ku gishushanyo cya 6, ibintu byambere byinjira kandi bigatandukana [4] bya Fair-Rite 73 ibikoresho hamwe ninshuro, ukeka ko uwashushanyije ashaka kwemeza inzitizi ntarengwa hagati ya 100 na 900 kHz.73 ibikoresho byatoranijwe.Mu rwego rwo kwerekana icyitegererezo, uwashizeho kandi ikeneye gusobanukirwa ibice byoroheje kandi birwanya ibice bya impedance kuri 100 kHz (105 Hz) na 900 kHz. Aya makuru arashobora gukomoka ku mbonerahamwe ikurikira:
Kuri 100kHz μs '= μi = 2500 na (Tan δ / μi) = 7 x 10-6 kuko Tan δ = μs ”/ μs' noneho μs” = (Tan δ / μi) x (μi) 2 = 43.8
Twabibutsa ko, nkuko byari byitezwe, μ ”yongeraho bike cyane kuri vectori yuzuye kuri iyi frequency nkeya. Inzitizi yibanze yibanze cyane.
Abashushanya bazi ko intangiriro igomba kwemera # 22 kandi igahuzwa na mm 10 x x 5 mm. Diameter yimbere izerekanwa nka 0.8 mm.Gukemura ikibazo cyagereranijwe hamwe nibiyigize, banza uhitemo isaro ifite diameter yo hanze ya Mm 10 n'uburebure bwa mm 5:
Z = ωLo (2500.38) = (6.28 x 105) x .0461 x log10 (5 / .8) x 10 x (2500.38) x 10-8 = 5.76 oms kuri 100 kHz
Muri iki kibazo, nkuko bisanzwe, impedance ntarengwa igerwaho ukoresheje OD ntoya ifite uburebure burebure.Niba indangamuntu ari nini, urugero 4mm, naho ubundi.
Uburyo bumwe burashobora gukoreshwa mugihe ibibanza bya impedance kuri buri gice Lo hamwe na fonction angana na frequency yatanzwe.Figure 9, 10 na 11 zerekana imirongo nkiyi kubikoresho bitatu bikoreshwa hano.
Abashushanya bashaka kwemeza imbogamizi ntarengwa kuri 25 MHz kugeza kuri 100 MHz yumurongo wa interineti.Umwanya wibibaho uhari wongeye kuba 10mm x 5mm kandi intangiriro igomba kwemera # 22 awg wire. Reba ku gishushanyo cya 7 kubice byangiritse Lo yibikoresho bitatu bya ferrite, cyangwa Igishushanyo cya 8 kugirango ibintu byoroshye bigizwe nibikoresho bitatu, hitamo ibikoresho 850 μi. [5] Ukoresheje igishushanyo kiri mu gishushanyo cya 9, Z / Lo yibikoresho byoroheje ni 350 x 108 ohm / H kuri 25 MHz. Gukemura ikibazo cyagereranijwe:
Ikiganiro kibanziriza iki kivuga ko intandaro yo guhitamo ari silindrike.Niba intoki za ferrite zikoreshwa mumigozi ya kaburimbo iringaniye, insinga zifatanije, cyangwa amasahani asobekeranye, kubara Lo biba bigoye cyane, kandi uburebure bwinzira nyabagendwa hamwe nibishusho bifatika bigomba kuboneka kubara ikirere cyimyororokere .Ibi birashobora gukorwa muburyo bwo kubara ibice hanyuma ukongeramo uburebure bwinzira yabazwe hamwe nubuso bwa magneti kuri buri gice.Mu bihe byose, ariko, kwiyongera cyangwa kugabanuka kwa impedance bizagereranywa no kwiyongera cyangwa kugabanuka muri uburebure / uburebure bwa ferrite. [6]
Nkuko byavuzwe, ababikora benshi bagaragaza amahame ya porogaramu ya EMI mubijyanye na impedance, ariko umukoresha wa nyuma akenera kumenya attenuation.Umubano uri hagati yibi bipimo byombi ni:
Iyi sano iterwa nimbogamizi yinkomoko itanga urusaku nimbogamizi yumutwaro wakiriye urusaku.Iyi ndangagaciro mubisanzwe ni imibare igoye, urwego rwayo rushobora kuba ntarengwa, kandi ntirworoshye kuboneka kubashushanya. Guhitamo agaciro ka 1 ohm kumitwaro ninkomoko yimbogamizi, zishobora kubaho mugihe isoko ari uburyo bwo guhinduranya amashanyarazi kandi ikanatwara imizunguruko myinshi yo kwangirika, koroshya ibigereranyo no kwemerera kugereranya attenuation ya cores ferrite.
Igishushanyo kiri mu gishushanyo cya 12 ni umurongo uhetamye werekana isano iri hagati yikingira ryamasaro no kwiyegereza indangagaciro nyinshi zisanzwe zumutwaro wongeyeho na generator impedance.
Igishushanyo cya 13 ni umuzenguruko uhwanye ninkomoko yo kwivanga hamwe nimbaraga zimbere za Zs. Ikimenyetso cyo kwivanga gitangwa nuruhererekane rwibangamira Zsc ya suppressor yibanze hamwe nuburemere bwumutwaro ZL.
Igishushanyo cya 14 na 15 ni igishushanyo cya impedance hamwe nubushyuhe bwibikoresho bitatu bya ferrite.Ibintu bihamye muri ibyo bikoresho ni ibikoresho 61 hamwe no kugabanya 8% kugabanuka kuri 100º C na 100 MHz. Ibinyuranye, ibikoresho 43 byerekanaga 25 % igabanuka muri impedance kumurongo umwe nubushyuhe bumwe.Iyi mirongo, iyo itanzwe, irashobora gukoreshwa muguhindura ubushyuhe bwicyumba cyagenwe niba hakenewe kwiyongera kubushyuhe bwo hejuru.
Kimwe n'ubushyuhe, DC na 50 cyangwa 60 Hz zitanga amashanyarazi nazo zigira ingaruka kumiterere imwe ya ferrite, nayo ikavamo intandaro yo hasi. Ishusho ya 16, 17 na 18 ni imirongo isanzwe yerekana ingaruka zo kubogama kubangamira ibikoresho bya ferrite. .Uyu murongo urasobanura kwangirika kwa impedance nkigikorwa cyimbaraga zumurima kubintu runaka nkigikorwa cyinshuro.Tugomba kumenya ko ingaruka zo kubogama zigabanuka uko inshuro ziyongera.
Kuva aya makuru yakusanywa, Fair-Rite Products yazanye ibikoresho bibiri bishya. 44 yacu ni nikel-zinc iciriritse giciriritse kandi 31 yacu ni ibikoresho bya manganese-zinc.
Igishushanyo cya 19 ni umugambi wo gukumira hamwe ninshuro ku masaro angana mu bikoresho 31, 73, 44 na 43. Ibikoresho 44 ni ibikoresho 43 byatejwe imbere hamwe na DC irwanya ubukana, cm 109 ohm, ibyiza byo guhungabana ubushyuhe, ubushyuhe bukabije hamwe ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwa Curie (Tc) .Ibikoresho 44 bifite impedance irenze gato ugereranije nibiranga inshuro ugereranije nibikoresho byacu 43. Ibikoresho bihagaze 31 byerekana inzitizi irenze 43 cyangwa 44 murwego rwose rwo gupima. 31 yagenewe kugabanya ikibazo cya resonance yibibazo bigira ingaruka kumikorere mike yo guhagarika imikorere ya cores nini ya manganese-zinc kandi yarakoreshejwe neza muguhuza insinga za kabili hamwe na coro nini ya toroidal.Figure 20 ni umugambi wo kubangamira inshuro 43, 31, na 73 kubikoresho -Kora ibice bifite 0.562 ″ OD, ID 0.250, na 1.125 HT. Iyo ugereranije Igishushanyo cya 19 nishusho ya 20, twakagombye kumenya ko Kubintu bito bito, kumirongo igera kuri 25 MHz, ibikoresho 73 nibikoresho byiza byo guhagarika. Ariko, uko ibice byambukiranya ibice byiyongera, inshuro ntarengwa iragabanuka. Nkuko bigaragara mu makuru yo ku gishushanyo cya 20, 73 ninziza Nziza cyane ni 8 MHz. Twabibutsa kandi ko ibikoresho 31 bikora neza murwego rwumurongo kuva 8 MHz kugeza 300 MHz. Nyamara, nka ferrite ya manganese zinc, ibikoresho 31 bifite ubushobozi buke bwo kurwanya ubukana bwa 102 ohms -cm, hamwe nimpinduka nyinshi za impedance hamwe nubushyuhe bukabije.
Inkoranyamagambo yo mu kirere Indanganturo - Lo (H) Inductance yapimwa niba intandaro ifite uburyo bumwe kandi ikwirakwizwa rya flux ryagumye rihoraho. Inzira rusange Lo = 4π N2 10-9 (H) C1 Impeta Lo = .0461 N2 log10 (OD / ID) Ht 10-8 (H) Ibipimo biri muri mm
Attenuation - A (dB) Kugabanuka kwa signal amplitude mu kohereza kuva kumurongo umwe ujya mubindi.Ni igipimo cya scalar cyo kwinjiza amplitude yinjiza amplitude, muri decibels.
Umuyoboro uhoraho - C1 (cm-1) Igiteranyo cyinzira ya magnetiki yuburebure bwa buri gice cyumuzenguruko ugabanijwe nakarere ka magnetiki gahuye nigice kimwe.
Umuyoboro uhoraho - C2 (cm-3) Igiteranyo cyuburebure bwa magnetiki yuburebure bwa buri gice cyumuzenguruko wa magneti ugabanijwe na kare ya domeni ihwanye nigice kimwe.
Ibipimo bifatika byinzira ya magnetiki Ae (cm2), uburebure bwinzira le (cm) nubunini bwa Ve (cm3) Kubintu bya geometrike yatanzwe, hafatwa ko uburebure bwa magnetique, uburebure bwambukiranya ibice, nubunini bwa intangiriro ya toroidal ifite ibintu bifatika nkibikoresho bigomba kugira ibintu bya magneti bihwanye nintangiriro yatanzwe.
Imbaraga Zumurima - H (Oersted) Ikintu kiranga ubunini bwimbaraga zumurima.H = .4 π NI / le (Oersted)
Ubucucike bwa Flux - B (Gaussian) Ibipimo bihuye byumurima wa magneti uterwa mukarere bisanzwe muburyo bwa flux.
Impedance - Z (ohm) Impedance ya ferrite irashobora kugaragazwa ukurikije uburyo bworoshye bworoshye.Z = jωLs + Rs = jωLo (μs'- jμs ”) (ohm)
Gutakaza Tangent - tan δ Igihombo tangent ya ferrite ihwanye no gusubiranamo kwizunguruka Q.
Igihombo - tan δ / μi Gukuraho icyiciro hagati yibice byingenzi bigize magnetiki flux yuzuye nimbaraga zumurima hamwe nubushobozi bwambere.
Ubushobozi bwa Magnetique - μ Imiyoboro ya rukuruzi ikomoka ku kigereranyo cy’ubucucike bwa rukuruzi hamwe nimbaraga zikoreshwa mu murima ni…
Amplitude permeability, μa - mugihe agaciro kerekanwe k'ubucucike bwa flux karenze agaciro gakoreshwa muburyo bwambere.
Impinduka zifatika, μe - Iyo inzira ya magnetiki yubatswe hamwe numwanya umwe cyangwa byinshi byo mu kirere, ubwikorezi nubwinjira mubintu bya hypothetical homogeneous material byatanga ubushake bumwe.
Mubyubahirizwa nisoko yambere yamakuru, amakuru, uburezi no guhumeka kubashinzwe amashanyarazi na electronics.
Ikirere cyo mu kirere Itumanaho Abaguzi Ibyuma bya elegitoroniki Uburezi Ingufu ninganda Inganda Amakuru Ikoranabuhanga Ubuvuzi Igisirikare n’Ingabo