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Nubwo uburyo busanzwe bwa chokes bukunzwe, ikindi gishoboka ni monolithic EMI muyunguruzi. Niba imiterere ishyize mu gaciro, ibice byinshi bya ceramic birashobora gutanga uburyo bwiza busanzwe bwo guhagarika urusaku.
Ibintu byinshi byongera ubwinshi bw "urusaku" rushobora kwangiza cyangwa kubangamira imikorere yibikoresho bya elegitoroniki. Imodoka yuyu munsi ni urugero rusanzwe. Mu modoka, urashobora kubona Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, radio satelite, sisitemu ya GPS, kandi iyi niyo ntangiriro. Kugirango ucunge ubu bwoko bwurusaku rwurusaku, inganda zikunze gukoresha ingabo na EMI muyungurura kugirango ikureho urusaku udashaka. Ariko ubu ibisubizo gakondo byo gukuraho EMI / RFI ntibikurikizwa.
Iki kibazo cyateye OEM nyinshi kwirinda guhitamo nka 2-capacitor itandukanya, 3-capacitor (imwe ya X capacitori na Y Y ebyiri), filtrough yogushungura, uburyo busanzwe bwa chokes cyangwa guhuza ibyo kugirango ubone ibisubizo biboneye, nko muri Monolithic EMI muyunguruzi hamwe no guhagarika urusaku rwiza muri pake nto.
Iyo ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki byakiriye amashanyarazi akomeye, amashanyarazi adakenewe arashobora guterwa mumuzunguruko kandi bigatera ibikorwa bitunguranye-cyangwa bikabangamira ibikorwa byateganijwe.
EMI / RFI irashobora kuba muburyo bwo gukora cyangwa gusohora imyuka. Iyo EMI ikozwe, bivuze ko urusaku rukwirakwiza kumashanyarazi. Iyo urusaku rukwirakwijwe mu kirere mu buryo bwa rukuruzi cyangwa umurongo wa radiyo, EMI irasa.
Nubwo ingufu zikoreshwa ziturutse hanze ari nto, niba zivanze numurongo wa radio ukoreshwa mugutangaza no gutumanaho, bizatera kunanirwa kwakirwa, urusaku rwamajwi adasanzwe, cyangwa guhagarika amashusho. Niba ingufu zikomeye, ibikoresho bya elegitoronike birashobora kwangirika.
Inkomoko zirimo urusaku rusanzwe (nk'isohoka rya electrostatike, itara, n'andi masoko) hamwe n'urusaku rw'ibihimbano (nk'urusaku rwo guhura, gukoresha ibikoresho bimeneka cyane, imishwarara yangiza, n'ibindi). Mubisanzwe, urusaku rwa EMI / RFI ni urusaku rusanzwe, igisubizo rero ni ugukoresha EMI muyunguruzi kugirango ukureho imirongo myinshi idakenewe nkigikoresho cyihariye cyangwa cyinjijwe mu kibaho cyumuzunguruko.
EMI muyunguruzi EMI muyunguruzi isanzwe igizwe nibice byoroshye, nka capacator na inductors, bihujwe no gukora uruziga.
“Inductors zemerera DC cyangwa umuyoboro muke muto gutambuka, mugihe uhagarika imiyoboro yangiza idakenewe cyane. Imashini zitanga ubushobozi buke bwo kwimura urusaku rwinshi ruva mu iyungurura rwungururwa rugasubira mu mashanyarazi cyangwa ku butaka, ”ibi bikaba byavuzwe na Johanson Dielectrics Christophe Cambrelin yavuze ko iyi sosiyete ikora capacitori nyinshi za ceramic na EMI muyungurura.
Uburyo busanzwe bwa-buryo bwo kuyungurura burimo uburyo bwo gutambutsa buke ukoresheje ubushobozi bwa capacitori butambutsa ibimenyetso hamwe numurongo uri munsi yatoranijwe yo guhagarika kandi ugahuza ibimenyetso hamwe numurongo uri hejuru yumurongo wo guhagarika.
Ikintu rusange cyo gutangiriraho ni ugukoresha ama capacator muburyo butandukanye, ukoresheje capacitori hagati ya buri murongo nubutaka bwinjiza butandukanye. Akayunguruzo ka capacitor muri buri shami ryimura EMI / RFI kubutaka hejuru yumurongo wagenwe. Kubera ko iyi miterere ikubiyemo kohereza ibimenyetso byicyiciro kinyuze mu nsinga ebyiri, itezimbere ibimenyetso-by-urusaku mugihe wohereje urusaku rudakenewe hasi.
Cambrelin yagize ati: "Ikibabaje ni uko ubushobozi bwa MLCCs bufite dielectrics ya X7R (ubusanzwe bukoreshwa muri iki gikorwa) buratandukanye cyane n'igihe, voltage ibogamye, n'ubushyuhe."
Ati: “Nubwo rero izo capacator zombi zihuye cyane nubushyuhe bwicyumba na voltage nkeya, mugihe runaka, igihe kimwe, voltage, cyangwa ubushyuhe bwahindutse, birashoboka ko bizarangira bifite indangagaciro zitandukanye. Ubu bwoko bwimirongo ibiri Bidahuye bizatera ibisubizo bitaringaniye hafi yo kuyungurura. Ku bw'ivyo, ihindura urusaku rusanzwe mu rusaku rutandukanye. ”
Ikindi gisubizo ni uguhuza agaciro kanini “X” hagati ya capacator ebyiri “Y”. “X” capacitor shunt irashobora gutanga ibisabwa bisanzwe-bingana kuringaniza, ariko bizatanga ibimenyetso bitandukanya ibimenyetso bitandukanya gushungura. Ahari igisubizo gikunze kuboneka hamwe nubundi buryo buke-bwunguruzi ni uburyo busanzwe bwo kuniga.
Uburyo busanzwe bwa choke ni transformateur ya 1: 1 aho imirongo yombi ikora nkibanze na kabiri. Muri ubu buryo, umuyoboro unyura kumurongo umwe utera umuyaga utandukanye mubindi. Kubwamahirwe, uburyo busanzwe bwo kuniga nabwo buraremereye, buhenze, kandi bukunze kunanirwa biterwa no kunyeganyega.
Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, uburyo bukwiye bwo kuniga hamwe no guhuza neza no guhuza hagati yu mucyo biragaragara mu bimenyetso bitandukanye kandi bifite inzitizi nyinshi ku rusaku rusanzwe. Imwe mungaruka yuburyo busanzwe bwa chokes ni intera ntarengwa iterwa na parasitike capacitance. Kubintu byingenzi byatanzwe, niko inductance ikoreshwa kugirango ubone akayunguruzo gake, niko umubare munini wimpinduka zisabwa hamwe na capacitance ya parasitike izana nayo, bigatuma gushungura kwinshi kutagira ingaruka.
Kudahuza mubikorwa byo gukanika imashini byihanganira guhindagurika bishobora gutera uburyo bwo guhinduka, aho igice cyingufu zerekana ibimenyetso gihinduka urusaku rusanzwe, naho ubundi. Ibi bintu bizatera electromagnetic guhuza nibibazo byubudahangarwa. Kudahuza kandi bigabanya inductance nziza ya buri kuguru.
Ibyo ari byo byose, iyo ikimenyetso gitandukanye (pass) gikora murwego rumwe nkurusaku rusanzwe rugomba guhagarikwa, uburyo busanzwe bwa choke bufite inyungu zikomeye kurenza ubundi buryo. Ukoresheje uburyo busanzwe bwo kuniga, ibimenyetso byerekana inzira bishobora kwaguka muburyo busanzwe bwo guhagarara.
Monolithic EMI muyunguruzi Nubwo uburyo busanzwe bwa chokes bukunzwe, ikindi gishoboka ni monolithic EMI muyunguruzi. Niba imiterere ishyize mu gaciro, ibice byinshi bya ceramic birashobora gutanga uburyo bwiza busanzwe bwo guhagarika urusaku. Bahuza ibice bibiri bingana kuringaniza ubushobozi muri paki imwe, ifite ihagarikwa rya inductance hamwe ningaruka zo gukingira. Akayunguruzo gakoresha inzira ebyiri zigenga z'amashanyarazi mugikoresho kimwe gihujwe na bine byo hanze.
Kugira ngo wirinde urujijo, twakagombye kumenya ko filteri ya monolithic EMI itari ubushobozi bwa gakondo. Nubwo basa kimwe (paki imwe nigaragara), ibishushanyo byabo biratandukanye rwose, kandi uburyo bwabo bwo guhuza nabwo buratandukanye. Kimwe nizindi EMI muyunguruzi, akayunguruzo kamwe EMI kayungurura imbaraga zose hejuru yumurongo wagenwe, kandi igahitamo gusa ingufu zikenewe kugirango zijye, mugihe wohereza urusaku udashaka kuri "hasi".
Nyamara, urufunguzo ni inductance nkeya cyane hamwe na impedance ihuye. Kuri monolithic EMI muyunguruzi, itumanaho ryahujwe imbere imbere na electrode isanzwe (gukingira) electrode mugikoresho, kandi ikibaho gitandukanijwe na electrode yerekana. Kubijyanye n'amashanyarazi ahamye, imiyoboro itatu y'amashanyarazi ikorwa nigice cya capacitive igice, gisangiye electrode ihuriweho, electrode zose zikoreshwa ziri mumubiri umwe wubutaka.
Impirimbanyi hagati yimigabane ibiri ya capacitor nayo isobanura ko ingaruka za piezoelectric zingana kandi zinyuranye, guhagarika undi hanze. Iyi sano nayo igira ingaruka kumihindagurikire yubushyuhe na voltage, ibice rero kumirongo ibiri bifite urwego rumwe rwo gusaza. Niba iyi monolithic EMI muyunguruzi ifite imbogamizi, ntishobora gukoreshwa niba urusaku rusanzwe rusanzwe ari inshuro imwe nkibimenyetso bitandukanye. Cambrelin yagize ati: "Muri iki gihe, uburyo rusange bwo kuniga ni igisubizo cyiza."
Kurikirana ikibazo giheruka cyo Gushushanya Isi nibibazo byashize muburyo bworoshye-gukoresha, imiterere-yohejuru. Hindura, usangire kandi ukuremo ako kanya hamwe nibinyamakuru byubuhanga byubushakashatsi.
Ikibazo cyambere ku isi gikemura ibibazo bya EE, gikubiyemo microcontrollers, DSP, imiyoboro, igereranya nigishushanyo mbonera, RF, ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, insinga za PCB, nibindi.
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